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EUROPE · NORTHERN EUROPE

Finland

FATF public-list status No FATF public-list status
Assessment network
Profile Changed 2026-10-15
Profile sections

Overview

Regulatory TimelineTrack FATF / FSRB and FIU-network participation alongside FATF public-list status and national regulatory activity over time.
FATFGlobal standard setter
Member · since 1991
EURegional regulatory layer
Member
Member · since 01.01.1995
Egmont GroupFIU network
FIU member · since 1998
FATF public-list status & assessments
Not publicly listed · 2 assessment milestones
Local regulatory activity
13 local changes
19912000201020202026
Regulatory history timeline
Bars show verified participation periods. Diamonds mark MER / FUR assessment milestones. FATF public-list bands show status history. Local markers show regulatory changes, with marker size reflecting change density.
Jurisdiction framework
AML FrameworkNational / regional framework

Finland’s core preventive statute is the Act on Preventing Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing 444/2017, supplemented by later amendments and sector-specific rules. The statutory framework was amended in 2026 by Acts 13/2026 (gambling-sector rules, generally effective July 2027), 46/2026 (credit-sector scope, November 2026), 184/2026 (AML supervision and sanctions, April 2026), 427/2026 (terrorism-financing definition, June 2026) and 818/2026 (remote identification/eIDAS references, October 2026).

FATF Recommendations remain the international baseline; the cited national or regional framework controls the legal obligation.
CDD & Beneficial OwnershipCustomer / entity controls

The AML Act requires beneficial-owner identification. Finnish register legislation records beneficial-owner information and the Trade Register framework was updated in 2023.

Ownership, control, verification, PEP/EDD and registry rules are jurisdiction-specific. A 25% beneficial-ownership threshold is not a universal AML rule.
Monitoring & ReportingOngoing controls and FIU reporting

Obliged entities investigate suspicious activity and report to the FIU. FIN-FSA also collects annual risk/control data from supervised entities.

Monitoring, screening, periodic review, escalation and suspicious reporting should be read against the applicable supervisor and primary rule.

Compliance Calendar3

Event-driven obligations
2
Requirement Beneficial-owner notification to the Trade Register
Authority / Report toFinnish Patent and Registration Office (PRH) · Trade Register
Deadline / triggerWithout delay.

Requirement

Subject scope
Companies and other entities required by Finnish Trade Register rules to file beneficial-owner details; applicability is corporate-form specific and is not identical to the AML obliged-entity perimeter.
Trigger
No beneficial-owner filing exists yet, details change or become outdated, or a newly registered company was not formed through the YTJ online set-up route that captures the information.
Filing channel
Online at ytj.fi; filing and updating beneficial-owner details is free of charge.

Impact

Consequences of non-compliance
The filing duty is verified, but this row does not attach an AML Act monetary penalty to a Trade Register filing breach without a filing-specific sanction provision.
Enforcement authority
Finnish Patent and Registration Office (PRH)
Operational impact
Corporate change controls should trigger an immediate check of beneficial-owner registry data rather than waiting for a periodic KYC review.
Requirement Suspicious transaction report
Authority / Report toFinancial Intelligence Unit of Finland (National Bureau of Investigation)
Deadline / triggerWithout delay.

Requirement

Subject scope
Obliged entities within the scope of the Finnish Act on Preventing Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing (444/2017).
Trigger
A suspicious transaction or suspected terrorist financing after the obliged entity has fulfilled the statutory information-gathering obligation.
Filing channel
Electronic reporting through the FIU Finland reporting service; the Act permits another secure connection or procedure for a special reason.

Impact

Consequences of non-compliance
Failure to report is expressly listed among sanctionable AML Act breaches. For the current ordinary administrative-fine route, Finlex states EUR 1,000–100,000 for a legal person and EUR 500–10,000 for a natural person. Serious, repeated or systematic breaches can enter the separate penalty-payment regime, with higher maxima depending on entity type.
Enforcement authority
Competent AML supervisory authority; Financial Supervisory Authority for entities within its perimeter, with other supervisors/bar association according to sector.
Operational impact
Internal investigation and escalation procedures should support a filing decision without avoidable delay once the statutory suspicion threshold is met.
Ongoing obligations
1
Requirement Obliged-entity ML/TF risk assessment and controls
Authority / Report toCompetent AML supervisor / Finnish Bar Association, as applicable
Deadline / triggerPrepare a risk assessment and update it on a regular basis. Supply the assessment and changes without undue delay when requested by the competent supervisor or bar association.

Requirement

Subject scope
Obliged entities under Act 444/2017.
Trigger
Ongoing obliged-entity activity and material changes affecting ML/TF risk.

Impact

Consequences of non-compliance
Failure to prepare or update the risk assessment is expressly sanctionable under Chapter 8. For the current ordinary administrative-fine route, Finlex states EUR 1,000–100,000 for a legal person and EUR 500–10,000 for a natural person. Serious, repeated or systematic breaches can attract a separate penalty payment.
Enforcement authority
Competent AML supervisory authority / Finnish Bar Association according to sector.
Operational impact
Treat the business-wide risk assessment as a living control; do not rely on an annual-only cycle if material changes require earlier update.

Authorities & FIU1

Authority / issuing bodyNational AML/CFT evidence chain
AuthorityMoney laundering — Financial Intelligence UnitNational Bureau of Investigation — FIU Finland · INSTITUTIONAL / REFERENCEPrevention of money laundering and terrorist financingFIN-FSA · OFFICIAL SOURCE
Law / regulationAct on Preventing Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing 444/2017Finlex · LAW / REGULATIONAct on Preventing Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing 444/2017Finlex · LAW / REGULATIONTrade Register Act 564/2023 — beneficial owner informationFinlex · LAW / REGULATIONAct 13/2026 — AML Act amendments associated with the gambling reformFinlex · LAW / REGULATIONAct 46/2026 — AML Act section 1:2 credit-provider scope amendmentFinlex · LAW / REGULATIONAct 184/2026 — AML supervision and administrative-sanction provisionsFinlex · LAW / REGULATIONAct 427/2026 — terrorism-financing definition in AML Act section 1:4Finlex · LAW / REGULATIONAct 818/2026 — remote customer identification under AML Act chapter 3 section 11Finlex · LAW / REGULATION
Guidance / materialMoney laundering — Financial Intelligence UnitNational Bureau of Investigation — FIU Finland · INSTITUTIONAL / REFERENCEPrevention of money laundering and terrorist financingFIN-FSA · OFFICIAL SOURCERisk assessment and national action-plan referencesFIN-FSA · ASSESSMENT / PROFILEInternational financial sanctions and national freezing decisionsFIN-FSA · GUIDANCEFinland Follow-Up Report 2023Financial Action Task Force (FATF) · ASSESSMENT / PROFILEFinland Mutual Evaluation Report 2019Financial Action Task Force (FATF) · ASSESSMENT / PROFILE
UpdatesFinland updates remote customer-identification requirements under the AML Act (Act 818/2026)10.09.2026 · AmendmentFinland updates the terrorism-financing definition in its AML Act (Act 427/2026)29.05.2026 · AmendmentFinland updates AML supervision and administrative-sanction provisions (Act 184/2026)24.03.2026 · AmendmentFinland adjusts the AML Act scope for registered credit providers and intermediaries (Act 46/2026)21.01.2026 · AmendmentFinland amends AML Act 444/2017 for the new gambling-licensing framework (Act 13/2026)20.01.2026 · AmendmentTrade Register Act updates beneficial-owner register mechanics2023 · AmendmentAct on Preventing Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing 444/201728.06.2017 · New rule
Jurisdiction updatesRegulatory updates

FATF Assessment

FATF Compliance & Effectiveness
Technical Compliance40 FATF Recommendations
Ratings updated 2023-10 · via FUR

Measures how fully the jurisdiction has implemented FATF’s technical requirements. It does not measure practical effectiveness.

C9Compliant

Requirements met.

LC28Largely compliant

Only minor shortcomings.

PC3Partially compliant

Moderate shortcomings.

NC0Non-compliant

Major shortcomings.

NA0Not applicable

The requirement does not apply because of structural, legal or institutional features of the jurisdiction.

Effectiveness11 Immediate Outcomes
Ratings from MER 2019-04

Measures whether the AML/CFT system achieves its intended results in practice. Follow-up reports do not normally replace these ratings.

HE1High effectiveness

The outcome is achieved to a very large extent; only minor improvements are needed.

SE3Substantial effectiveness

The outcome is achieved to a large extent; moderate improvements are needed.

ME6Moderate effectiveness

The outcome is achieved to some extent; major improvements are needed.

LE1Low effectiveness

The outcome is not achieved, or only to a negligible extent; fundamental improvements are needed.

Explore 40 FATF RecommendationsSee every Technical Compliance rating and what it means.
C · CompliantRequirements met.
LC · Largely compliantOnly minor shortcomings.
PC · Partially compliantModerate shortcomings.
NC · Non-compliantMajor shortcomings.
N/A · Not applicableThe requirement does not apply because of structural, legal or institutional features of the jurisdiction.
AML/CFT Policies and Coordination
R.1
Assessing Risks and Applying a Risk-Based Approach
LCLargely compliantOnly minor shortcomings.
R.2
National cooperation and coordination
LCLargely compliantOnly minor shortcomings.
Money Laundering and Confiscation
R.3
Money laundering offence
LCLargely compliantOnly minor shortcomings.
R.4
Confiscation and provisional measures
LCLargely compliantOnly minor shortcomings.
Terrorist Financing and Financing of Proliferation
R.5
Terrorist financing offence
LCLargely compliantOnly minor shortcomings.
R.6
Targeted financial sanctions related to terrorism & terrorist financing
LCLargely compliantOnly minor shortcomings.
R.7
Targeted financial sanctions related to proliferation
LCLargely compliantOnly minor shortcomings.
R.8
Non-profit organisations
PCPartially compliantModerate shortcomings.
Preventive Measures
R.9
Financial institution secrecy laws
CCompliantRequirements met.
R.10
Customer due diligence
LCLargely compliantOnly minor shortcomings.
R.11
Record keeping
CCompliantRequirements met.
R.12
Politically exposed persons
LCLargely compliantOnly minor shortcomings.
R.13
Correspondent banking
LCLargely compliantOnly minor shortcomings.
R.14
Money or value transfer services
CCompliantRequirements met.
R.15
New technologies
PCPartially compliantModerate shortcomings.
R.16
Wire transfers
CCompliantRequirements met.
R.17
Reliance on third parties
LCLargely compliantOnly minor shortcomings.
R.18
Internal controls and foreign branches and subsidiaries
LCLargely compliantOnly minor shortcomings.
R.19
Higher-risk countries
LCLargely compliantOnly minor shortcomings.
R.20
Reporting of suspicious transactions
CCompliantRequirements met.
R.21
Tipping-off and confidentiality
CCompliantRequirements met.
R.22
DNFBPs: Customer due diligence
LCLargely compliantOnly minor shortcomings.
R.23
DNFBPs: Other measures
LCLargely compliantOnly minor shortcomings.
Transparency and Beneficial Ownership of Legal Persons and Arrangements
R.24
Transparency and beneficial ownership of legal persons
LCLargely compliantOnly minor shortcomings.
R.25
Transparency and beneficial ownership of legal arrangements
LCLargely compliantOnly minor shortcomings.
Powers and Responsibilities of Competent Authorities and Other Institutional Measures
R.26
Regulation and supervision of financial institutions
LCLargely compliantOnly minor shortcomings.
R.27
Powers of supervisors
LCLargely compliantOnly minor shortcomings.
R.28
Regulation and supervision of DNFBPs
PCPartially compliantModerate shortcomings.
R.29
Financial intelligence units
CCompliantRequirements met.
R.30
Responsibilities of law enforcement and investigative authorities
CCompliantRequirements met.
R.31
Powers of law enforcement and investigative authorities
LCLargely compliantOnly minor shortcomings.
R.32
Cash couriers
LCLargely compliantOnly minor shortcomings.
R.33
Statistics
LCLargely compliantOnly minor shortcomings.
R.34
Guidance and feedback
CCompliantRequirements met.
R.35
Sanctions
LCLargely compliantOnly minor shortcomings.
International Cooperation
R.36
International instruments
LCLargely compliantOnly minor shortcomings.
R.37
Mutual legal assistance
LCLargely compliantOnly minor shortcomings.
R.38
Mutual legal assistance: freezing and confiscation
LCLargely compliantOnly minor shortcomings.
R.39
Extradition
LCLargely compliantOnly minor shortcomings.
R.40
Other forms of international cooperation
LCLargely compliantOnly minor shortcomings.
Explore 11 Immediate OutcomesSee how FATF rates whether the AML/CFT system works in practice.
HE · High effectivenessThe outcome is achieved to a very large extent; only minor improvements are needed.
SE · Substantial effectivenessThe outcome is achieved to a large extent; moderate improvements are needed.
ME · Moderate effectivenessThe outcome is achieved to some extent; major improvements are needed.
LE · Low effectivenessThe outcome is not achieved, or only to a negligible extent; fundamental improvements are needed.
IO1
Risk understanding & national coordination

Money laundering and terrorist financing risks are understood and, where appropriate, actions co-ordinated domestically to combat money laundering and the financing of terrorism and proliferation.

SESubstantial effectivenessThe outcome is achieved to a large extent; moderate improvements are needed.
IO2
International cooperation

International co-operation delivers appropriate information, financial intelligence, and evidence, and facilitates action against criminals and their assets.

HEHigh effectivenessThe outcome is achieved to a very large extent; only minor improvements are needed.
IO3
AML/CFT supervision

Supervisors appropriately supervise, monitor and regulate financial institutions, DNFBPs and VASPs for compliance with AML/CFT requirements commensurate with their risks.

LELow effectivenessThe outcome is not achieved, or only to a negligible extent; fundamental improvements are needed.
IO4
Preventive measures & suspicious reporting

Financial institutions, DNFBPs and VASPs adequately apply AML/CFT preventive measures commensurate with their risks, and report suspicious transactions.

MEModerate effectivenessThe outcome is achieved to some extent; major improvements are needed.
IO5
Beneficial ownership transparency

Legal persons and arrangements are prevented from misuse for money laundering or terrorist financing, and information on their beneficial ownership is available to competent authorities without impediments.

MEModerate effectivenessThe outcome is achieved to some extent; major improvements are needed.
IO6
Use of financial intelligence

Financial intelligence and all other relevant information are appropriately used by competent authorities for money laundering and terrorist financing investigations.

SESubstantial effectivenessThe outcome is achieved to a large extent; moderate improvements are needed.
IO7
Money laundering investigation & prosecution

Money laundering offences and activities are investigated and offenders are prosecuted and subject to effective, proportionate and dissuasive sanctions.

SESubstantial effectivenessThe outcome is achieved to a large extent; moderate improvements are needed.
IO8
Confiscation & asset recovery

Proceeds and instrumentalities of crime are confiscated.

MEModerate effectivenessThe outcome is achieved to some extent; major improvements are needed.
IO9
Terrorist financing investigation & prosecution

Terrorist financing offences and activities are investigated and persons who finance terrorism are prosecuted and subject to effective, proportionate and dissuasive sanctions.

MEModerate effectivenessThe outcome is achieved to some extent; major improvements are needed.
IO10
Terrorist financing prevention & NPO protection

Terrorists, terrorist organisations and terrorist financiers are prevented from raising, moving and using funds, and from abusing the NPO sector.

MEModerate effectivenessThe outcome is achieved to some extent; major improvements are needed.
IO11
Proliferation financing financial sanctions

Persons and entities involved in the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction are prevented from raising, moving and using funds, consistent with the relevant UNSCRs.

MEModerate effectivenessThe outcome is achieved to some extent; major improvements are needed.
Official FATF consolidated ratings · 2013 Methodology

Regulatory Timeline42

LOCAL changes 13
GLOBAL milestones 29
National history from1991
20265 events
10.09.2026
LOCALAmendmentFinland / Finlex
Finland updates remote customer-identification requirements under the AML Act (Act 818/2026)

Act 818/2026, adopted on 4 September and published on 10 September 2026, amends chapter 3, section 11(3), of AML Act 444/2017. It updates references to Finnish strong electronic identification law and the EU eIDAS Regulation as amended by Regulation (EU) 2024/1183, while retaining permitted secure and evidential alternative electronic identification methods. It took effect on 1 October 2026.

Effective 01.10.2026Open update ↗
29.05.2026
LOCALAmendmentFinland / Finlex
Finland updates the terrorism-financing definition in its AML Act (Act 427/2026)

Act 427/2026, adopted and published on 29 May 2026, amends the terrorism-financing definition in section 1(4), subsection 1(2), of AML Act 444/2017, updating the cross-references to Penal Code chapter 34, section 12, and chapter 34a, sections 10 and 11. The amendment entered into force on 1 June 2026.

Effective 01.06.2026Open update ↗
24.03.2026
LOCALAmendmentFinland / Finlex
Finland updates AML supervision and administrative-sanction provisions (Act 184/2026)

Act 184/2026, adopted on 20 March and published on 24 March 2026, amends section 7(1) and provisions in chapter 8 of AML Act 444/2017 concerning supervisory responsibilities and administrative sanctions, including the role of the Finnish Licensing and Supervisory Agency. It entered into force on 1 April 2026. Its transitional rule addresses infringements begun before commencement and continuing after it.

Effective 01.04.2026Open update ↗
21.01.2026
LOCALAmendmentFinland / Finlex
Finland adjusts the AML Act scope for registered credit providers and intermediaries (Act 46/2026)

Act 46/2026, adopted on 16 January and published on 21 January 2026, amends section 1(2), subsection 1(15), of AML Act 444/2017. It specifies the AML reporting-entity scope for businesses subject to the law on registration of certain credit providers and credit intermediaries, with an exception for traders that provide consumer credit exclusively to finance goods they themselves sell. It takes effect on 20 November 2026.

Effective 20.11.2026Open update ↗
20.01.2026
LOCALAmendmentFinland / Finlex
Finland amends AML Act 444/2017 for the new gambling-licensing framework (Act 13/2026)

Act 13/2026, adopted on 16 January and published on 20 January 2026, amends several provisions of Finland’s AML Act 444/2017 addressing gambling operators, related customer due diligence, and AML supervision in the reformed gambling-licensing system. The amendment is scheduled to commence on 1 July 2027.

Effective 01.07.2027Open update ↗
20253 events
01.07.2025
LOCALStatus change
Finland completes the national transition from legacy virtual-currency registration to MiCA authorisation

Finland’s MiCA transitional period ended on 30 June 2025. From 1 July 2025, continued crypto-asset service activity requires the applicable MiCA authorisation rather than reliance on the legacy registration regime.

Effective 01.07.2025Open update ↗
18.06.2025
GLOBALGlobal standardPayment transparencyFATFBanking / Credit InstitutionsPayments / EMI / Money Transfer
FATF updates Standards on Recommendation 16 on Payment Transparency

FATF revised Recommendation 16 to standardise payment information and strengthen fraud/error controls in cross-border payments.

CURRENT FATF RELATIONSHIPDirect FATF member

Current relationship. Direct FATF membership and any listed regional assessment network participation are current profile relationships only. The GLOBAL milestone does not prove membership or domestic implementation on the event date; those remain LOCAL/STATUS evidence.

FATF Global Network ↗
Published 18.06.2025 · Future-effective global standard · Country implementation is separateOpen update ↗
25.02.2025
GLOBALGlobal standardRisk-based approach / financial inclusionFATF
FATF updates Standards and consults on guidance to better promote financial inclusion

FATF amended Recommendation 1 and related interpretive material to strengthen proportionality and simplified measures under the risk-based approach.

CURRENT FATF RELATIONSHIPDirect FATF member

Current relationship. Direct FATF membership and any listed regional assessment network participation are current profile relationships only. The GLOBAL milestone does not prove membership or domestic implementation on the event date; those remain LOCAL/STATUS evidence.

FATF Global Network ↗
Global standard · 25.02.2025 · Country implementation/status is separateOpen update ↗
20233 events
27.10.2023
GLOBALGlobal standardAsset recoveryFATF
FATF strengthens global asset-recovery and confiscation standards

FATF revised Recommendations 4, 30, 31 and 38 and related interpretive material to make asset recovery a stronger operational priority, expand tools to trace and confiscate criminal property and improve domestic and international cooperation.

CURRENT FATF RELATIONSHIPDirect FATF member

Current relationship. Direct FATF membership and any listed regional assessment network participation are current profile relationships only. The GLOBAL milestone does not prove membership or domestic implementation on the event date; those remain LOCAL/STATUS evidence.

FATF Global Network ↗
Global standard · 27.10.2023 · Country implementation/status is separateOpen update ↗
24.02.2023
GLOBALGlobal standardBeneficial ownershipFATF
FATF strengthens beneficial-ownership transparency for trusts and legal arrangements

At its February 2023 Plenary FATF revised Recommendation 25 and its Interpretive Note to strengthen transparency and beneficial-ownership requirements for trusts and similar legal arrangements, complementing the 2022 strengthening of Recommendation 24 for legal persons.

CURRENT FATF RELATIONSHIPDirect FATF member

Current relationship. Direct FATF membership and any listed regional assessment network participation are current profile relationships only. The GLOBAL milestone does not prove membership or domestic implementation on the event date; those remain LOCAL/STATUS evidence.

FATF Global Network ↗
Global standard · 24.02.2023 · Country implementation/status is separateOpen update ↗
20221 event
04.03.2022
GLOBALGlobal standardBeneficial ownershipFATF
FATF Recommendation 24 — beneficial ownership of legal persons

FATF strengthened Recommendation 24 on beneficial ownership transparency for legal persons.

CURRENT FATF RELATIONSHIPDirect FATF member

Current relationship. Direct FATF membership and any listed regional assessment network participation are current profile relationships only. The GLOBAL milestone does not prove membership or domestic implementation on the event date; those remain LOCAL/STATUS evidence.

FATF Global Network ↗
Global standard · 04.03.2022 · Country implementation/status is separateOpen update ↗
20202 events
23.10.2020
GLOBALGlobal standardPFFATF
FATF requires proliferation-financing risk assessment and mitigation

FATF amended Recommendations 1 and 2 and their Interpretive Notes so countries and covered private-sector entities must identify, assess and mitigate risks of breaches, non-implementation or evasion of proliferation-related targeted financial sanctions.

CURRENT FATF RELATIONSHIPDirect FATF member

Current relationship. Direct FATF membership and any listed regional assessment network participation are current profile relationships only. The GLOBAL milestone does not prove membership or domestic implementation on the event date; those remain LOCAL/STATUS evidence.

FATF Global Network ↗
Global standard · 23.10.2020 · Country implementation/status is separateOpen update ↗
02.07.2020
GLOBALSupervisory standardSupervisory cooperation
Basel Committee strengthens cooperation between prudential and AML/CFT supervisors

The Basel Committee revised its ML/TF risk-management guidelines to add principles for information exchange and cooperation between prudential and AML/CFT supervisors in authorisation, ongoing supervision and enforcement.

COUNTRY APPLICABILITYNon-binding global benchmark

A Basel supervisory publication does not become domestic law merely because it is GLOBAL. National adoption, supervisory use or incorporation must be evidenced by a LOCAL milestone or source.

Basel Committee on Banking Supervision ↗
Global supervisory benchmark · 02.07.2020 · Domestic adoption is separateOpen update ↗
20192 events
01.12.2019
LOCALNew rule
Virtual-currency providers become subject to Finland’s AML obligations and FIN-FSA supervision

From 1 December 2019, registered virtual-currency providers were within Finland’s AML/CFT obliged-entity perimeter and FIN-FSA supervision. This distinguishes the AML perimeter from later MiCA authorisation.

Effective 01.12.2019Open update ↗
21.06.2019
GLOBALGlobal standardVirtual assets / Travel RuleFATF
FATF adopts the R.15 Interpretive Note and applies the Travel Rule framework to VASPs

FATF adopted detailed implementation requirements for virtual assets and VASPs in June 2019, including the application of wire-transfer information requirements commonly described as the Travel Rule. This operationalised the virtual-asset perimeter introduced through the 2018 Recommendation 15 revision.

CURRENT FATF RELATIONSHIPDirect FATF member

Current relationship. Direct FATF membership and any listed regional assessment network participation are current profile relationships only. The GLOBAL milestone does not prove membership or domestic implementation on the event date; those remain LOCAL/STATUS evidence.

FATF Global Network ↗
Global standard · 21.06.2019 · Country implementation/status is separateOpen update ↗
20181 event
19.10.2018
GLOBALGlobal standardVirtual assets / VASPsFATF
FATF Recommendation 15 is revised for virtual assets and VASPs

In October 2018 FATF revised Recommendation 15 and added the definitions of virtual asset and virtual asset service provider, formally bringing virtual-asset activity into the global AML/CFT standards architecture. Detailed implementation requirements followed in 2019.

CURRENT FATF RELATIONSHIPDirect FATF member

Current relationship. Direct FATF membership and any listed regional assessment network participation are current profile relationships only. The GLOBAL milestone does not prove membership or domestic implementation on the event date; those remain LOCAL/STATUS evidence.

FATF Global Network ↗
Global standard · 19.10.2018 · Country implementation/status is separateOpen update ↗
20171 event
20141 event
15.01.2014
GLOBALSupervisory standardBank supervision
Basel Committee integrates ML/TF risk into banks’ overall risk-management framework

The Basel Committee issued Sound management of risks related to money laundering and financing of terrorism, superseding its 2001 CDD and 2004 consolidated KYC papers and integrating ML/TF risk management with prudential supervisory expectations.

COUNTRY APPLICABILITYNon-binding global benchmark

A Basel supervisory publication does not become domestic law merely because it is GLOBAL. National adoption, supervisory use or incorporation must be evidenced by a LOCAL milestone or source.

Basel Committee on Banking Supervision ↗
Global supervisory benchmark · 15.01.2014 · Domestic adoption is separateOpen update ↗
20121 event
16.02.2012
GLOBALGlobal standardAML/CFT/CPF standardsFATF
International Standards on Combating Money Laundering and the Financing of Terrorism & Proliferation

FATF adopted a consolidated revised set of 40 Recommendations integrating AML, CFT and proliferation-financing safeguards.

CURRENT FATF RELATIONSHIPDirect FATF member

Current relationship. Direct FATF membership and any listed regional assessment network participation are current profile relationships only. The GLOBAL milestone does not prove membership or domestic implementation on the event date; those remain LOCAL/STATUS evidence.

FATF Global Network ↗
Global standard · 16.02.2012 · Country implementation/status is separateOpen update ↗
20062 events
23.12.2006
GLOBALUNSC · bindingPF / TFS
UN Security Council Resolution 1737 establishes Iran proliferation-related asset-freeze measures

Resolution 1737 imposed binding measures concerning Iran’s proliferation-sensitive nuclear activities, including an asset freeze on designated individuals and entities. Together with the DPRK regime, it forms a foundational UN counter-proliferation targeted-financial-sanctions architecture.

CURRENT CHARTER RELATIONSHIPUN Member State · Article 25 obligation

UN Members agree to accept and carry out Security Council decisions. This current Charter relationship is not proof of the jurisdiction’s domestic implementation, nor a claim about its membership status on the historical event date.

UN Charter · Article 25 ↗
Binding UNSC architecture · 23.12.2006 · National implementation is separateOpen update ↗
14.10.2006
GLOBALUNSC · bindingPF / TFS
UN Security Council Resolution 1718 establishes DPRK proliferation-related asset-freeze measures

Following the DPRK nuclear test, Resolution 1718 imposed binding sanctions including an asset freeze on designated persons and entities connected to the nuclear programme. It became a central UN targeted-financial-sanctions pillar for counter-proliferation financing.

CURRENT CHARTER RELATIONSHIPUN Member State · Article 25 obligation

UN Members agree to accept and carry out Security Council decisions. This current Charter relationship is not proof of the jurisdiction’s domestic implementation, nor a claim about its membership status on the historical event date.

UN Charter · Article 25 ↗
Binding UNSC architecture · 14.10.2006 · National implementation is separateOpen update ↗
20042 events
2004-10
GLOBALGlobal standardCFT / cash couriersFATF
FATF Ninth Special Recommendation

FATF added a ninth Special Recommendation addressing cash couriers and cross-border movement of currency.

CURRENT FATF RELATIONSHIPDirect FATF member

Current relationship. Direct FATF membership and any listed regional assessment network participation are current profile relationships only. The GLOBAL milestone does not prove membership or domestic implementation on the event date; those remain LOCAL/STATUS evidence.

FATF Global Network ↗
Global standard · 2004-10 · Country implementation/status is separateOpen update ↗
28.04.2004
GLOBALUNSC · bindingPF / WMD controls
UN Security Council Resolution 1540 creates binding global WMD-proliferation control duties

Resolution 1540 requires all States to adopt and enforce laws and domestic controls to prevent non-State actors from acquiring or using weapons of mass destruction and related materials. It forms a binding global legal pillar of the proliferation-financing control environment later reflected in FATF CPF standards.

CURRENT CHARTER RELATIONSHIPUN Member State · Article 25 obligation

UN Members agree to accept and carry out Security Council decisions. This current Charter relationship is not proof of the jurisdiction’s domestic implementation, nor a claim about its membership status on the historical event date.

UN Charter · Article 25 ↗
Binding UNSC architecture · 28.04.2004 · National implementation is separateOpen update ↗
20032 events
31.10.2003
GLOBALTreatyML / asset recovery
UNCAC adds a universal anti-corruption, laundering and asset-recovery treaty layer

The UN General Assembly adopted the United Nations Convention against Corruption on 31 October 2003. UNCAC addresses prevention of money laundering, laundering of corruption proceeds, confiscation and a dedicated asset-recovery framework; the Convention entered into force globally on 14 December 2005.

CURRENT TREATY STATUSParty

Current UN depositary relationship to 2003 UN Convention against Corruption. This is not a claim that the jurisdiction was already a Party on the GLOBAL event date; the national accession/ratification date is a separate LOCAL/STATUS fact.

UN Treaty Collection ↗
Treaty adopted 31.10.2003 · Global entry into force 14.12.2005 · Country treaty status is separateOpen update ↗
2003-06
GLOBALGlobal standardAML/CFT standardsFATF
The FATF Recommendations — 2003 revision

FATF comprehensively revised its AML/CFT Recommendations, strengthening preventive measures and extending coverage.

CURRENT FATF RELATIONSHIPDirect FATF member

Current relationship. Direct FATF membership and any listed regional assessment network participation are current profile relationships only. The GLOBAL milestone does not prove membership or domestic implementation on the event date; those remain LOCAL/STATUS evidence.

FATF Global Network ↗
Global standard · 2003-06 · Country implementation/status is separateOpen update ↗
20013 events
04.10.2001
GLOBALSupervisory standardCDD / KYC
Basel Committee establishes a global customer-due-diligence benchmark for banks

The Basel Committee issued Customer due diligence for banks, setting minimum supervisory expectations for customer acceptance, identification, ongoing monitoring and risk management. It became an influential global banking KYC/CDD benchmark and was later reflected in FATF standards.

COUNTRY APPLICABILITYNon-binding global benchmark

A Basel supervisory publication does not become domestic law merely because it is GLOBAL. National adoption, supervisory use or incorporation must be evidenced by a LOCAL milestone or source.

Basel Committee on Banking Supervision ↗
Global supervisory benchmark · 04.10.2001 · Domestic adoption is separateOpen update ↗
2001-10
GLOBALGlobal standardCFTFATF
FATF Special Recommendations on Terrorist Financing

FATF expanded its standards to terrorist financing through eight Special Recommendations.

CURRENT FATF RELATIONSHIPDirect FATF member

Current relationship. Direct FATF membership and any listed regional assessment network participation are current profile relationships only. The GLOBAL milestone does not prove membership or domestic implementation on the event date; those remain LOCAL/STATUS evidence.

FATF Global Network ↗
Global standard · 2001-10 · Country implementation/status is separateOpen update ↗
28.09.2001
GLOBALUNSC · bindingCFT / TFS
UN Security Council Resolution 1373 imposes binding CFT and freezing duties on all States

Resolution 1373 requires all States to prevent and suppress terrorist financing, criminalise the provision or collection of funds for terrorist acts, freeze terrorist assets without delay and prohibit making funds or financial services available to terrorists and related entities.

CURRENT CHARTER RELATIONSHIPUN Member State · Article 25 obligation

UN Members agree to accept and carry out Security Council decisions. This current Charter relationship is not proof of the jurisdiction’s domestic implementation, nor a claim about its membership status on the historical event date.

UN Charter · Article 25 ↗
Binding UNSC architecture · 28.09.2001 · National implementation is separateOpen update ↗
20001 event
15.11.2000
GLOBALTreatyML / organised crime
Palermo Convention broadens the international money-laundering framework beyond drug trafficking

The Palermo Convention was adopted on 15 November 2000 and broadened the international money-laundering framework beyond drug proceeds through criminalisation and preventive measures tied to transnational organised crime. It entered into force globally on 29 September 2003.

CURRENT TREATY STATUSParty

Current UN depositary relationship to 2000 Palermo Convention. This is not a claim that the jurisdiction was already a Party on the GLOBAL event date; the national accession/ratification date is a separate LOCAL/STATUS fact.

UN Treaty Collection ↗
Treaty adopted 15.11.2000 · Global entry into force 29.09.2003 · Country treaty status is separateOpen update ↗
19992 events
09.12.1999
GLOBALTreatyCFT
UN Terrorist Financing Convention establishes a treaty-level CFT framework

The UN General Assembly adopted the International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism on 9 December 1999, creating the treaty framework for criminalising terrorist financing and international cooperation. It entered into force globally on 10 April 2002.

CURRENT TREATY STATUSParty

Current UN depositary relationship to 1999 Terrorist Financing Convention. This is not a claim that the jurisdiction was already a Party on the GLOBAL event date; the national accession/ratification date is a separate LOCAL/STATUS fact.

UN Treaty Collection ↗
Treaty adopted 09.12.1999 · Global entry into force 10.04.2002 · Country treaty status is separateOpen update ↗
15.10.1999
GLOBALUNSC · bindingTFS
UN Security Council Resolution 1267 establishes a targeted asset-freeze regime

Resolution 1267 imposed an assets freeze and other targeted sanctions in the Taliban context and created the Security Council committee that became the foundation of the UN 1267 sanctions architecture. It is a key global precursor to modern terrorist-financing targeted financial sanctions.

CURRENT CHARTER RELATIONSHIPUN Member State · Article 25 obligation

UN Members agree to accept and carry out Security Council decisions. This current Charter relationship is not proof of the jurisdiction’s domestic implementation, nor a claim about its membership status on the historical event date.

UN Charter · Article 25 ↗
Binding UNSC architecture · 15.10.1999 · National implementation is separateOpen update ↗
19983 events
01.03.1998
LOCALNew rule
Act 68/1998 establishes Finland’s preventive AML and reporting framework

Act 68/1998 entered into force on 1 March 1998 and created a dedicated framework for preventing and clearing money laundering, including suspicious-transaction obligations and transfer of relevant functions into the new Clearing House architecture.

Effective 01.03.1998Open update ↗
01.03.1998
LOCALInstitutional change
Finland’s Money Laundering Clearing House becomes operational within the National Bureau of Investigation

Section 4 of Act 68/1998 located the Money Laundering Clearing House at the National Bureau of Investigation, while the entry-into-force provisions transferred pending cases and suspicious-transaction information to it on 1 March 1998. This is the operational FIU milestone.

Effective 01.03.1998Open update ↗
1998
LOCALStatus changeBanking / Credit Institutions
Finland FIU admitted to the Egmont Group

FinCEN-sourced historical membership data records Finland's FIU among Egmont admissions in 1998. The current Egmont roster carries a different raw admission value (2000-01-01), which is preserved separately rather than used to overwrite the historical relationship start.

Relationship state from 1998Open update ↗
19961 event
1996
GLOBALGlobal standardAML standardsFATF
The FATF Recommendations — 1996 revision

FATF revised the Forty Recommendations to reflect evolving money-laundering methods and countermeasures.

CURRENT FATF RELATIONSHIPDirect FATF member

Current relationship. Direct FATF membership and any listed regional assessment network participation are current profile relationships only. The GLOBAL milestone does not prove membership or domestic implementation on the event date; those remain LOCAL/STATUS evidence.

FATF Global Network ↗
Global standard · 1996 · Country implementation/status is separateOpen update ↗
19951 event
09.06.1995
GLOBALFIU cooperationFIU cooperation
Egmont Group creates the global FIU cooperation network

Representatives of 13 financial intelligence units met in Brussels on 9 June 1995 and founded what became the Egmont Group. The milestone created the operational global network for FIU-to-FIU cooperation and exchange of financial intelligence.

CURRENT EGMONT RELATIONSHIPMember FIU · FIU Finland

Current profile relationship to the Egmont network. This does not imply membership in 1995; admission history is a separate LOCAL/STATUS fact.

Egmont Group · Member FIUs ↗
Global FIU cooperation infrastructure · 09.06.1995 · FIU membership is separateOpen update ↗
19911 event
19901 event
1990
GLOBALGlobal standardAML standardsFATF
The Forty Recommendations of the Financial Action Task Force on Money Laundering

FATF issued its original Forty Recommendations, establishing the first global AML standard framework.

CURRENT FATF RELATIONSHIPDirect FATF member

Current relationship. Direct FATF membership and any listed regional assessment network participation are current profile relationships only. The GLOBAL milestone does not prove membership or domestic implementation on the event date; those remain LOCAL/STATUS evidence.

FATF Global Network ↗
Global standard · 1990 · Country implementation/status is separateOpen update ↗
19891 event
1989
GLOBALGlobal institutionGlobal standard-settingFATF
Financial Action Task Force is established by the G7

The G7 established FATF in 1989 to examine and develop measures to combat money laundering. FATF became the central global standard-setting body whose recommendations are implemented through national and regional AML/CFT frameworks.

CURRENT FATF RELATIONSHIPDirect FATF member

Current relationship. Direct FATF membership and any listed regional assessment network participation are current profile relationships only. The GLOBAL milestone does not prove membership or domestic implementation on the event date; those remain LOCAL/STATUS evidence.

FATF Global Network ↗
Global institutional milestone · 1989 · Country membership is separateOpen update ↗
19882 events
20.12.1988
GLOBALTreatyML criminalisation
Vienna Convention creates the first treaty-level international money-laundering criminalisation baseline

The Vienna Convention was adopted on 20 December 1988 and created the first treaty-level international obligation to criminalise laundering conduct linked to drug-trafficking proceeds, alongside confiscation and international-cooperation measures. It entered into force globally on 11 November 1990.

CURRENT TREATY STATUSParty

Current UN depositary relationship to 1988 Vienna Convention. This is not a claim that the jurisdiction was already a Party on the GLOBAL event date; the national accession/ratification date is a separate LOCAL/STATUS fact.

UN Treaty Collection ↗
Treaty adopted 20.12.1988 · Global entry into force 11.11.1990 · Country treaty status is separateOpen update ↗
1988-12
GLOBALSupervisory standardBank AML / KYC
Basel Committee issues principles to prevent criminal use of banks for money laundering

The Basel Committee published a Statement of Principles for banks aimed at reducing the risk that banking institutions would be used by criminals or as channels for money laundering. This helped establish the preventive and supervisory side of AML alongside the emerging criminal-law framework.

COUNTRY APPLICABILITYNon-binding global benchmark

A Basel supervisory publication does not become domestic law merely because it is GLOBAL. National adoption, supervisory use or incorporation must be evidenced by a LOCAL milestone or source.

Basel Committee on Banking Supervision ↗
Global supervisory benchmark · 1988-12 · Domestic adoption is separateOpen update ↗

Sources & Verification23

Act on Preventing Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing 444/2017Finlex · LAW / REGULATIONMoney laundering — Financial Intelligence UnitNational Bureau of Investigation — FIU Finland · INSTITUTIONAL / REFERENCEPrevention of money laundering and terrorist financingFIN-FSA · OFFICIAL SOURCERisk assessment and national action-plan referencesFIN-FSA · ASSESSMENT / PROFILEInternational financial sanctions and national freezing decisionsFIN-FSA · GUIDANCETrade Register Act 564/2023 — beneficial owner informationFinlex · LAW / REGULATIONFinland Follow-Up Report 2023Financial Action Task Force (FATF) · ASSESSMENT / PROFILEFinland Mutual Evaluation Report 2019Financial Action Task Force (FATF) · ASSESSMENT / PROFILEAct 13/2026 — AML Act amendments associated with the gambling reformFinlex · LAW / REGULATIONAct 46/2026 — AML Act section 1:2 credit-provider scope amendmentFinlex · LAW / REGULATIONAct 184/2026 — AML supervision and administrative-sanction provisionsFinlex · LAW / REGULATIONAct 427/2026 — terrorism-financing definition in AML Act section 1:4Finlex · LAW / REGULATIONAct 818/2026 — remote customer identification under AML Act chapter 3 section 11Finlex · LAW / REGULATIONFATF RecommendationsFinancial Action Task Force (FATF) · OFFICIAL SOURCEFATF Countries & Global NetworkFinancial Action Task Force (FATF) · OFFICIAL SOURCEEgmont Group Member FIU InformationEgmont Group of Financial Intelligence Units · INSTITUTIONAL / REFERENCEFATF consolidated assessment ratingsTechnical Compliance & Effectiveness · 2013 MethodologyMutual Evaluation Report · 2019-04Official FATF / regional assessmentFinlex · Act 444/2017 · current consolidated textFinlex · LAW / REGULATIONFinlex · Act 444/2017 · official English translationFinlex · LAW / REGULATIONFIU Finland · How to reportNational Bureau of Investigation — FIU Finland · REPORT / PUBLICATIONPRH · Notification of beneficial owners with the Trade RegisterFinnish Patent and Registration Office (PRH) · REGISTER / DATAPRH · How to file a notification of beneficial ownersFinnish Patent and Registration Office (PRH) · GUIDANCE